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- Disability Categories
- Autism
- Deaf-Blindness
- Deafness
- Emotional Behavioral Disorder
- Hearing Impairment or Deafness
- Cognitively Disabled
- Multiple Disabilities
- Orthopedic Impairment
- Other Health Impairment
- Specific Learning Disability
- Speech and Language Disability or Impairment
- Traumatic Brain Injury
- Visual Impairment and Blindness
Cause
There are many different types of orthopedic impairments with different causes:
Cerebral Palsy
Prenatal
Cerebral Palsy
Prenatal
- Alcohol and drug abuse by mother
- Fetal alcohol syndrome
- Toxins in the environment
- Genetic factors
- Mother’s malnutrition
- HIV
- Cytomegalovirus
- Toxoplasmosis
- Prematurity
- Rubella
- Herpes
- Lack of oxygen
- Thyroid issues
- Birth trauma
- CNS infection,
- haemophilus influenzae meningitis,
- H. influenzae type b,
- Streptococcus pneumoniae,
- Neisseria meningitides,
- pertussis,
- immunization against pertussis,
- Reye snydrome,
- ALTE, and QT syndrome.
- Other factors include asphyxia, hypoxia, exposure to toxic chemicals, head injury, cerebral hemorrhage, malnutrition, seizures, convulsions and dehydration following gastroenteritis, near drowning, accidental suffocation, electrocution, and shock following a burn.
- Spina Bifida Occulta: There is an opening in one or more of the vertebrae (bones) of the spinal column without apparent damage to the spinal cord.
- Meningocele: The meninges, or protective covering around the spinal cord, has pushed out through the opening in the vertebrae in a sac called the “meningocele.” However, the spinal cord remains intact. This form can be repaired with little or no damage to the nerve pathways.
- Myelomeningocele: This is the most severe form of spina bifida, in which a portion of the spinal cord itself protrudes through the back. In some cases, sacs are covered with skin; in others, tissue and nerves are exposed. Generally, people use the terms “spina bifida” and “myelomeningocele” interchangeably.